A child (plural: children) is a human being who has not reached the age of majority. This usually means that they have not achieved full physical, mental and sexual maturity. Children have fewer rights and responsibilities than adults and are considered to be unable to make decisions independently. However, they may be able to take part in cultural and social activities as long as their safety is guaranteed. They are also free to express their opinions and feelings, as long as they do not harm other people.

The concept of a child has been the subject of much debate and research. Some scholars have argued that children are inherently different from adults and must be protected in order to preserve their innocence. Other scholars have disputed this claim, arguing that children are actually quite similar to adults and should be embraced for their uniqueness.

Children are often seen as being at the centre of a culture, as they create it and contribute to it in many ways. They are often involved in making and sharing music, artwork and stories, as well as taking part in social activities. Some children are even employed as musicians, writers or artists. This is known as street culture, which is a form of cumulative culture that is created by young people living in urban working class areas.

Every child has the right to an identity, which is an official record of who they are that includes their name and nationality. Governments must protect this right and help children to get it back if it is taken away. Children also have the right to education and family ties. They should be protected from war and other forms of violence, and they have the right to enjoy their own language and religion.

Lastly, they have the right to rest and play, and to have fun. Children should not be forced to work, and if they do, they must be paid fairly and legally. Governments must also provide children with the best healthcare and education. Children are the future of their countries, and it is important to protect them.

In the 1900s, many children’s books were written about interesting characters in fantastic worlds. This included classics like The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900) and Winnie-the-Pooh (1926). Other children’s books of this period showed more realistic characters that faced the difficulties of growing up, such as Lucy Maud Montgomery’s Anne of Green Gables and Katherine Paterson’s Bridge to Terabithia. The Harry Potter books by J.K Rowling in the late 20th and early 21st centuries are examples of modern children’s literature that use a magical setting but still show how real emotions can be. The fanciful characters and clever poetry in these books are still appreciated today. These characteristics have led to a new generation of writers who are continuing to explore the potential of children’s literature.